Case Studies

Under "Introduction of Cleaner Technologies in Tannery Clusters of Punjab (ICTP)" three comprehensive solution packages have been prepared, looking the volume of the problem in the tanning industry. These solution packages are directly linked with chemical consumption in the leather processing and quality of the leather.

Assessment Study of Cleaner Production Practices

(Case study in a large tannery of Punjab)

It is a comprehensive environmental study which has been conducted in one of the most progressive large tanneries of Punjab. Besides other, prime objective of the study remains focused on assessment of all the implemented Cleaner Production Options (CPOs) and Cleaner Technologies (CT). The options are assessed carefully in the light of environmental and economic improvement parameters.

The case study sets specific guidelines regarding implementation of various Cleaner technologies for those tanneries, which were not selected in the first phase of the project for higher order technical services like Environmental Audits, Environmental Action Plans and implementation of Cleaner Production practices.

Effect of water hardness on leather Processes


		This solution package “ Effect of Water Hardness on Leather Processing” is prepared to address the common problems encounter during leather process, due to the hard water by mainly opting the cost effective techniques to make soft water up to the desired level of hardness. Calcium and magnesium are the most common multivalent ions present in the natural waters. The other forms like Fe+2 and Mn+2 are present in much less quantities than calcium and magnesium and for all practical purposes hardness is representative by the sum of calcium and magnesium ions.

A Comparison b/w direct recycling of spent chrome liquor and chrome recovery and reuse method.

Tanneries of Punjab mostly located in four major clusters: Sialkot, Lahore, Multan and Gujranwala, are being provided environmental services under "Introduction of Cleaner Technologies in Tannery Clusters of Punjab - (ICTP)" since December 1997. It is a joint venture between Pakistan Tanners Association - Northern Zone and the Government of Netherlands through Royal Netherlands Embassy, Islamabad, for upgrading environmental conditions in and around the tanneries.
Under the project various pollution abatement measures has been suggested and implemented in individual tanneries. Majority of these measures are based on the principal of waste minimization at source. Among the successful Cleaner Production Options/Technologies, one is chrome recovery either by direct recycling of spent tanning float or by chrome recovery and reuse method.